Some and Any
| Quantifier | Main use | Nouns | Example |
|---|---|---|---|
| some | Positive sentences | plural countable + uncountable | I have some apples. · There's some water. |
| some | Offers and requests (positive expected) | plural countable + uncountable | Would you like some coffee? · Can I have some help? |
| any | Negative sentences | plural countable + uncountable | I don't have any money. · There isn't any time. |
| any | Questions (neutral) | plural countable + uncountable | Is there any milk? · Do you have any questions? |
No — zero quantity (positive verb + no)
No has the same meaning as not any, but it uses a positive verb and is more emphatic.
| Example | Equivalent |
|---|---|
| There is no milk. | = There isn't any milk. |
| I have no idea. | = I don't have any idea. |
| There are no tickets left. | = There aren't any tickets left. |
Special: "any" = it doesn't matter which
In positive sentences, any can mean "it doesn't matter which one" — whichever.
"You can take any bus — they all go to the centre."
"Come any day — I'm always free."
"I'll eat anything — I'm not fussy."
"Come any day — I'm always free."
"I'll eat anything — I'm not fussy."
Compound forms: -body/-one, -thing, -where
| Person | Thing | Place | Use |
|---|---|---|---|
| somebody / someone | something | somewhere | positive |
| anybody / anyone | anything | anywhere | negative & question (or "any" = doesn't matter) |
| nobody / no one | nothing | nowhere | = not anybody / anything / anywhere |
| everybody / everyone | everything | everywhere | = all people / things / places |
Compounds are singular:
Everyone/Nobody/Someone takes a singular verb: ✓ "Everyone is here." But informally, "their" is used to avoid he/she: "Someone left their bag."
Exercises
Choose the correct word.
1. Would you like ___ tea? (offer)
2. There isn't ___ food in the fridge. We need to go shopping.
3. ___ called while you were out — they didn't leave a name.
4. I have ___ idea what you're talking about. (= no idea at all)
5. You can sit ___ you like — all the seats are free.